A colectomy is the resection of a segment of the colon with restoration of continuity (anastomosis). In cancer it includes a lymphadenectomy. It is performed laparoscopically or robotically, with ERAS protocols for faster recovery.
What is a colectomy?
It is the surgical removal of a segment of the colon (right, left, sigmoid, etc.) and restoration of continuity with an anastomosis. In cancer it includes removal of the corresponding lymph nodes.
When is it needed?
It is indicated for colon cancer, complicated diverticular disease, large or endoscopically unresectable polyps, and selected inflammatory conditions.
Preparation
It is preceded by full staging (colonoscopy, CT), optimisation of general health and, as appropriate, bowel preparation. For malignant cases, management is decided at a multidisciplinary tumour board.
How it's done
Through small incisions, the affected segment is mobilised and removed together with its vascular-lymphatic pedicle (oncological principles). Continuity is restored with an anastomosis; more rarely a temporary stoma is needed.
Laparoscopic
Resection through small incisions with oncological adequacy, less pain and faster recovery.
Robotic
Added precision and comfort in complex resections — especially the left/sigmoid.
Open
For emergency or complex cases, when it serves safety and oncological completeness.
Recovery
With ERAS protocols, patients mobilise and eat early. Discharge is usually in 3–6 days depending on the operation, with a gradual return to activities.
Risks & outcomes
A modern, safe operation with very good oncological outcomes. Possible complications: anastomotic leak, infection, bleeding or transient ileus — closely monitored around the operation.
Frequently asked questions
Will I need a stoma?
In most colectomies continuity is restored immediately with an anastomosis and no stoma is needed. In selected, mainly emergency or low anastomoses, a temporary protective stoma may be required.
Is laparoscopic colectomy safe for cancer?
Yes. Laparoscopic/robotic colectomy offers oncological outcomes equivalent to open surgery, with less pain and faster recovery.
How long will I stay in hospital?
With ERAS protocols, usually 3–6 days depending on the extent of the operation and the recovery.
Will I need further treatment?
In malignant cases, the need for adjuvant therapy is decided at the tumour board, based on stage and histology.